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Alfonso Caycedo, neuropsychiatrist Colombian of Spanish Basque extraction, born in 1932 in Bogotá (Colombia), created in Madrid, in 1960, which he names the daughter of medicine to study the human conscience and the means of varying its states and levels.
Being based primarily on therapeutic hypnosis, the progressive relaxation of Jacobson, the autogenic training of Schultz (1883-1970) and psychiatric phenomenology, Caycedo developed a new method with a specific terminology and especially a ratio to the more respectful, fascinating patient of account its personality, its specificities...?(...) I founded the Sophrology in the Service of Neuropsychiatry of the Provincial Hospital of Madrid which the pr. Juan Jose Lopez Ibor in 1960 directed. I dealt then with the treatment of psychiatric patients at the hospital level and my meeting with the sick conscience of these patients had special characteristics. Most of therapeutic of then produced a modification or a deterioration of the conscience. I refer to the treatments of electric shocks and the insulinic comas which were at the time a therapy of choice (...). My meeting with the conscience in coma produced by insulin, or (...) by the electric shock, (...) produced in me an interrogation: is it necessary to modify the conscience or to deteriorate it like therapeutic? Then, I was interested in clinical hypnosis (...). Then in me a desire was born from research from the conscience because it appeared to to me that the psychoses were basically pathological deteriorations of the conscience. Can I know the conscience in harmony? Was my 1st Radical Question which carried to me to start a medical movement to seek the conscience in harmony, I gave him the name of ?Sophrology? (...), a scientific school for which I proposed the currency ?C conscientia noscatur?, which means, ?so that the conscience is known?. (Caycedo, 2001)
Then, challenged by certain descriptions of the conscience of works of Yoga and encouraged by the large Swiss phenomenologist Binswanger to undertake this voyage, Caycedo remained for more than two years in the East (1965 - 1968), where he was initiated to various Yoga, in particular to the integral Yoga developed by Sri Aurobindo in his ashram of Pondicherry (India), in Tummo - form of Buddhist meditation Tibetan - and with Japanese Zen.He drew from, respectively, the first, second and third degree of ?Dynamic Relieving?, adapting and making it more accessible to our Western spirit the original techniques, in particular giving up the philosophical and religious aspect and thenit was really a question of working out a science.
If Caycedo, by doing this, created a bridge - or ?a vivantielle meeting? (Caycedo, 2001) - between the Occident and the East it must also tell us that, ?Perhaps because of research that I carried out, many are still those which confuses the Sophrology and my Method which is its base, with this kind of techniques and of methods [Western and Eastern] that I studied and gave up as I discovered the structures responsible for integration of the conscience, those which my Method discovers and reinforces at present?.
Initially used by the medical field, Sophrology opened, in 1977 (time of the ?oil crisis?), towards the social field. In the Eighties, the social branch of the sophrology was created. This last field occupies an important place today and many sophrologists specialize in disease prevention (prevention, promotion of health), pedagogy or the sporting field.
In 1985, Caycedo proposed a 4th elaborate original degree originating from his own sophrologic experiments.
| "DYNAMIC RELAXATION " | ||
|
Rajah IndianYoga
| Tum-Mo Tibetan
| Japanese Zen
|
 |
| |
| 1st degree |
2nd degree |
3rd degree |
| body;
feelings;
integration; concentration ; reinforcement of the body
diagram . | conquest a image of body the righter ;
contemplation; "limited body, unlimited conscience" |
posture; form, balance,
breathing; "reflexive" meditation; integrity. |
| 4th degree discovered of existential size and fundamental values To be it ; totality. | ||
See also the chapter on the various techniques
since july 27 , 2003
Since, Caycedo modified the initial degrees and developed eight additional degrees required to become ?Caycédien Sophrologue?. The whole of the method of ?Dynamic Relaxation? includes 3 cycles with each one containing 4 degrees, that is to say, in the end, 12 degrees of ?Dynamic Relaxation?! These degrees can be compared so that the Japanese martial arts indicated by ?katas? (Fernandez, 1996), i.e., a sequence of codified movements, original ?form?, transmitted by the founders to synthesize their art. However, the training of the various degrees of ?Dynamic Relieving? does not require perfectionism as in the Japanese katas: the essential form is the dynamics, the intentionnality and especially personal experience.
In fact, only the first four degrees (fundamental cycle) are usually practised and the first three for many years were the only ones proposed by Caycedo.
A regular practice of the first degree only is enough to improve, according to us, more important than ?quantity? (training of several degrees, several methods or disciplines) is quality (to be present, always conscious of new information of a simple gesture of the 1st degree, for example) and the repetition.
| "When we make a thing for the first time, that interests it to me; when we repeat this same thing of tens of time, that annoys it; if we remake it thousands of times, that transforms it.(...) When the gesture is integrated, it is necessary to put conscience at it, of living the moment present fully, so that occurs a real enrichment and gradually a revealing of the conscience. It is a question of living this gesture as if it were the 1st time (...) the habituation will make it possible not to be fascinated more by the innovation, it will make it possible to release us from the execution (...) to live the feelings fully, to carry a new glance on what we are living (...) Alors the habituation (...) transforms. (...) Moreover, the regular drive makes it possible to exert its will. To decide to give time is already a step on the way of the realization of oneself. And in this moment of freedom which one agrees (another reading of what some name a constraint), the conscience can open, widen". Bernard SANTERRE, "A propos de l'entraînement", Actes du colloque de la Société Française de Sophrologie en 1995, Approches expérimentales des chemins initiatiques d'Orient et d'Occident, Du Prieuré editions. |
A. CAYCEDO, sophrology creator
| 1960
-
1968 | Creation of the sophrology, service of neuropsychiatry of the pr. Lopez-Ibor (1960, Madrid) - pr. Binswanger, phenomenologic psychiatry (1963-64, Swiss) - the East (1965-68, India, Tibet, Japan) - Congress of the French company of sophrology (sept.1968, Versailles). |
| 1968
-
1982 | A. Caycedo, Professor of psychiatry - Creation of the fundamental method - world Congresses of the sophrology (Oct. 1970; 1975) - Declaration of Récife (August 25 1977, Brazil) or Declaration of the Values of the Man, Caycedo and the 1st actualization founder (fundamental cycle). A. Caycedo professor honoris causa of the university of Pernambouc - Inauguration of the social sophrology. |
| 1983
-1988 | Creation of the social branch in Colombia - 3rd world congress (1982) - 4è degree of Dynamic Relieving (1985). |
| Since
1988 | Installation of Caycedo in Andorra - 4th world congress (1988) - Deposit of name ?Caycédienne Sophrology? (1988) - Creation of Masters (1989) |
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A big
part
of this text is based on the
work and the courses of Bernard SANTERRE, , Teaching
director and founder of the Institute
of Sophrology of Rennes
(Institut de
Sophrologie de Rennes).
Bernard SANTERRE remains for me the reference in sophrology, such as we
conceive it here.
That it is thanked for its professionalism, of its requirement with
respect to itself (it is the alive example of what a daily drive of
Dynamic Relaxation or Za-Zen gets!), requirement with respect to the
trainees for which it is responsible...
